Survival techniques abound, but there are five fundamental skills every outdoor adventurer should master. While mere outlines fall short of a comprehensive breakdown of each skill and its constituents, keep in mind their potential applications. Remember, when it comes to survival, your brain reigns supreme. DO NOT PANIC. Rather, rely on your wits and the five basic survival skills before you must use them.

First and foremost, fire is the king of survival techniques. It can purify water, cook food, signal rescuers, and provide warmth, light, and comfort, all while keeping predators at bay. Having the means to start a fire is crucial, so carry at least two methods—one on your person and another with your gear. Collect firewood conservatively and make a "star fire" to conserve fuel. You can even reflect the heat from the fire into your shelter with a space blanket. To learn how to make fire with confidence, check out our Fire Mastery Video Course or Ignite – A Firemaking eBook in our store.

Secondly, shelter is essential for maintaining body temperature. Have clothing appropriate for your environment and a hat, and keep the layer closest to your body dry. Layer your clothes to trap air and create warmth. Practice building a quick lean-to shelter and use a space blanket to insulate your shelter or concentrate your body heat.

Thirdly, signaling is unique for its ability to summon potential rescuers. Fires, flashing lights, and colourful flags and markers all attract attention. Build three fires in a triangular formation for a recognized distress signal. You can also use smoky fires, signal mirrors, emergency strobe lights, and ground messages.

Fourthly, food and water are crucial for survival. Do not eat or drink what you do not know. Ration your sweat, not your water, and pack extra food and water if possible. Boil all water and remove large particles with your handkerchief. Only drink when it is cool out and never wait until you're without water to collect it. Make sure you carry zip bags to collect and store water.

Lastly, first aid is not just basic medical needs, but the primary way in which you care for yourself in survival situations. Do not panic and keep your brain functioning. Analyze your needs before your trip, carry a medical checklist and a personal kit at all times, and pack a picture of your family to remind you of why you need to survive.