How to build a survival shelter

Construct and sleeping in a primitive survival shelter may seem daunting at first, but it can be a life-changing experience with just a few hours, proper materials, and the right mindset. At Wilderness Awareness School, we teach our students how to build a survival shelter called a debris hut, which is fairly easy to construct and provides a warm, dry place to spend the night.

Location is key, as proximity to materials can save a lot of time and energy. Take the time to find a spot that feels right and avoids low spots and standing dead trees.

To build a debris hut, start by erecting a strong ridgepole at least as tall as you with your arm stretched above your head. Secure one end of the ridgepole and rest the other on the ground. The high end should be at about hip height. Lean the ribs against the ridgepole, close together, leaving a door at the high end. Crawl inside feet first to ensure it's snug and cozy.

Add a layer of lattice to hold debris in place when it is piled on next. Use brush and twiggy branches, keeping in mind the size of the spaces in your lattice will be determined by the debris available. For insulation, use material that can trap air, aiming for two feet of debris or more. Be sure to close up the door area and crawl in to test the comfort.

Complete the outer layer by adding branches to hold the debris in case of wind, maintaining as much loft as possible. Stuff the shelter with dry, soft debris, compressing the space for your body and adding more as needed, especially around the foot area. Remember to gather a pile of leaves near the door to close yourself in.

Aside from the practical benefits, sleeping in a debris hut offers opportunities to push our mental and physical comfort edges, and gain feelings of freedom and confidence. It's a chance to overcome fears and find greater appreciation in our daily lives.